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China to implement two-child policy officially from 2016

two-child policy, one-child policy

It's official. From January 1, 2016 China will allow two children for every couple.

这是正式的。从2016年1月1日起,中国将允许普遍两孩。

Chinese lawmakers rubber-stamped the new legislation Sunday during a session of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, which governs the country's laws.

全国人大常委会27日批准通过了修改人口与计划生育法的决定。

"The state advocates that one couple shall be allowed to have two children," according to the newly revised Law on Population and Family Planning.

根据新修改的人口与计划生育法,“提倡一对夫妻生育两个子女”。

When news of the planned change to the law broke in October, the ruling Communist Party issued the following statement: "To promote a balanced growth of population, China will continue to uphold the basic national policy of population control and improve its strategy on population development. "China will fully implement the policy of 'one couple, two children' in a proactive response to the issue of an aging population."

报道称,2015年10月,中共十八届五中全会决定:“为促进人口均衡发展,中国将继续坚持计划生育的基本国策,完善人口发展战略。全面实施一对夫妇可生育两个孩子政策、开展应对人口老龄化行动。”

100 million couples

1亿夫妇

According to Lu Jiehua, a sociologist at Peking University, the policy will affect 100 million couples.

据北京大学社会学家陆杰华说,这一政策将影响1亿夫妇。

China, now a nation of more than 1.3 billion people, instituted a policy of one child per couple to control population growth in the 1970s.

拥有13亿人口的中国在20世纪70年代制定了一对夫妇只能生育一个孩子的计划生育政策。

When its propaganda didn't work, local officials resorted to abortions, heavy fines and forced sterilization.

当宣传不起作用的时候,地方官员采取了强制流产、重罚和强行节育等手段。

The decision to end the restriction followed a four-day strategy meeting of senior Communist Party officials at a Beijing hotel earlier this year, CNN's former China correspondent David McKenzie said.

据CNN前驻华记者戴维•麦肯齐说,结束这一政策的决定是今年年初在北京的一家宾馆里举行了为期四天的十八届五中全会后做出的。

He has said the move was foreshadowed by a change in the propaganda: While old advertisements depicted parents doting on one child, he said, a recent commercial showed a boy begrudgingly sharing a toy with his younger sister.

他说,宣传上的改变预示了这一行动。以前老的宣传画上都是父母和一个孩子,他说,最近的宣传是一个男孩与妹妹在分享自己的玩具。

Relaxation of policy

政策放宽

China began relaxing the controversial policy in January 2014, allowing couples to have a second baby if the mother or father was an only child.

2014年1月,中国开始放宽这一有争议的政策,如果夫妻双方有一方是独生子女便可以生育二胎。

The move was hailed as a major liberalization of the three-decades-old restriction, but new figures released in January 2015 suggested that fewer people than expected were taking the plunge and expanding their family.

此举主要解除了三十多岁的人面临的限制,但是2015年1月公布的最新数字表明,想生育二胎的夫妇比预期的要少。

Nationwide, nearly 1 million couples eligible under the new rules had applied to have a second child, state media reported at the time. Health officials had said that the policy would lead to as many as 2 million new births when the policy change was first announced, and it wasestimated that 11 million couples were eligible.

从全国范围来看,根据新的法规,全国已有100万有资格的夫妇申请生育二孩,国家媒体当时报道。卫生官员说,一开始宣布这一政策变化时,预计会带来多达200万新生儿,估计有资格的夫妇有1100万。


Aging population

人口老龄化


China's government has said the country could become home to the most elderly population on the planet in just 15 years, with more than 400 million people over the age of 60.

中国政府说,仅仅15年内,中国将有可能成为地球上人口最老的国家,届时超过60岁的人将超过4亿。


Researchers say the graying population will burden health care and social services, and the world's second-largest economy will struggle to maintain its growth.

研究人员说,人口老龄化将给医疗和社会服务造成负担,而且全球第二大经济体还将设法保持其增长。


For China, three decades of one-child policy proves hard to undo.对中国来说,实行了三十多年的独生子女政策将难以废除。


"China has already begun to feel an unfolding crisis in terms of its population change," Wang Feng, a professor at Fudan University and a leading demographic expert on China, told McKenzie earlier this year.

复旦大学教授、中国著名人口问题专家王丰今年初说: “中国已经开始感觉到在人口变化方面不断出现的危机。”

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2016-06-22

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