Setting goal for Chinese learning: introduction

I think everybody knows that motivation is something you need in order to succeed. I'm naturally going to assume that you have some reason to learn Chinese, but that's not going to be enough. Do you know why you want to learn Chinese? Are you the ambitious entrepreneur? The curious student? The involuntary learner? The Chinese culture aficionado? The linguistics nerd?

Be specific

Even though it's helpful knowing what drives you to learn Chinese in general, that's not enough and even if you feel that you fit in one of the above-mentioned categories, reality is seldom classified that easily. Thus, you need to create your own language learning profile. Naturally, this will change over time, but that's okay, the point is to make you aware of what you are doing and why. You can revise your profile as your attitude and your outlook change.

A strong motivation is necessary to succeed with any task that requires an extended period of time to accomplish; learning Chinese is definitely not an exception. I'm not going to delve much deeper into how to maintain motivation at the moment, but try to be aware of what makes you move forward.

Goals

This is yet another buzzword that most people have heard in close connection with education and learning: you need to set goals for yourself! What goals? Lots of them, in fact, on many different levels. You need to set long-term goals as well as short-term ones. Sometimes, you can also use micro goals that only spans a couple of hours. It's absolutely essential that you understand these concepts to gain anything from the rest of the articles on this website, so please pay attention.

Why are goals so important? Because they can tell you what you have to do and what you don't have to do. Efficient learning is a lot about being able to ignore things you don't need and spend the time you thus save on studying something really useful. Simply defining your goals won't make you able to do this, but it's as good a place to start as any. Goals is also a way of measuring progress, and since learning things makes most people feel good, achieving goals likewise make you feel that you are getting somewhere, you are taking steps down that thousand mile road.

This post serves as an introduction to goals of different kinds, but there is one article for each kind of the goals mentioned below. This articles simply aims to introduce them and point out their main uses.

Long-term goals

A long-term goal is something you can't achieve within a few days or weeks, but something that takes months or sometimes years. By definition, they will take a long time to achieve, but they are very important because they allow you to focus your learning process towards a few specific goals, which helps you to avoid distractions and formulate goals that can be more easily achieved.

Long-term goals are destinations on your language learning journey. You wouldn't set out in your car without knowing where you're going and then hope to arrive at some specific place, would you? There are many kinds of long-term goals, some are reasonably easy to attain, others extremely hard.

Here are some examples I think are quite common for Chinese learners:

Be able to chat with a Chinese friend

Understand a film in Chinese

Be able to do business in China

Be able to read The Journey to the West in Chinese

Teach Chinese in your country

Pass the highest level HSK exam

Pass a university course taught in Chinese

Short-term goals

If long-term goals stretch over months and years, short-term goals would stretch over days and weeks. These goals are as important as the long-term goal, but because they change a lot faster, you're going to have to deal with them a lot more. Short-term goals are created by breaking down long-term goals, asking the question: What do I need to practice doing to achieve this long-term goal?

Here are a few example of short-term goals:

Pass the exam on March 5th

Go through all the sounds in Chinese

Read five short texts

Write at least ten diary entries

Find a language exchange partner

Learn the lyrics of five songs

Setting short-term goals is an art that requires lots of practice. It also requires a lot of knowledge about yourself and how you work as a person. Setting deadlines and making yourself accountable in some way (perhaps just by telling other people what you're doing) are usually good ideas, but there are many more things to keep in mind.

Micro goals

Micro goals are, just like the name implies, very short-term indeed. They should be achievable in one sitting, perhaps even less than half an hour. The idea here is to be able to stay focused on something concrete and tangible, while the other goals (long-term and short-term) linger in the background.

Here are some examples of micro goals:

Learn the words for the basic colours

Enter words from a chapter in your textbook to your computer

Read one chapter in a book

Write one diary entry

Post a contact ad on a forum

Review your long-term goals

Staying focused even for short periods of time is sometimes incredibly more productive than aimlessly learning words or otherwise studying without a specific goal in mind. Micro goals needn't always be written down, but it's good to be aware of them.

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