How to use “小姐” and “姑娘” correctly

[Do you know?]

Both "姑娘" (ɡū niɑnɡ) and "小姐" (xiǎo jiě) can be used to address a young girl. Is there any difference between them?

[Definitions]

姑娘: unmarried girl; daughter

小姐: an address for unmarried girl (used after the surname)

[Uses]

 "小姐" is used on a public occasion formally, while "姑娘" is generally used on a non-public occasion to show intimacy.

Examples:

√ 她是谁家的姑娘？长得真漂亮啊！(tā shì shuí jiā de ɡū niɑnɡ? zhǎnɡ dé zhēn piào liɑnɡ a!)

Whose daughter is she? So pretty!

X  她是谁家的小姐？长得真漂亮啊！

√ 这位是我们的翻译张小姐。(zhè shì wǒ men de fān yì zhānɡ xiáo jiě.)

This is our interpreter, Miss Zhang.

X  这是我们的翻译张姑娘。