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5 ways to use the Chinese auxiliary word “的”

learn chinese, chinese auxiliary word

的 [de] is such a widely used auxiliary word. It appears everywhere in Chinese news articles, as well as in daily speech. Here are the rules for the most common uses of 的:

"的"

"的"是一个常见的、使用很广的助词。不仅仅出现在日常口语中,还出现在所有的中文新闻里。以下"的"的常见使用规则。

1. Possession 表所属

For example: 

我的(my), 他的(his), 她的(her), 他们的(their), 学校的(the school's), 公司的(the company's)

2. Creating nouns and noun phrases 生成名词和名词短语

的 can be attached to a variety of words or phrases, and the result will function as a noun, or a noun phrase.

"的"跟在名词或词组后,变成一个新的名词或名词短语。

For example:

zhè shì wǒ de

这是我的。(attached to a pronoun)

This is mine.

wǒ yào hóng sè de

我要红色的。(attached to an adjective)

I want the red one.

zhè tái diàn nǎo shì xué xiào de

这台电脑是学校的。(attached to a noun)

This computer is the school's.

jīn tiān lái cān jiā pài duì de dōu shì měi guó rén 

今天来参加派对的都是美国人。(attached to a verb-object phrase)

The people who attended the party today were all Americans.

wǒ shuō de shì zhēn de

我说的是真的。(attached to the verb 说)

What I said is true.

3. Emphasis 表强调

是…..的 is a sentence structure which is used to express emphasis.

"是…的"用于表示强调。

Examples:

wǒ shì zuó tiān dào shàng hǎi de

我是昨天到上海的。(Emphasizing the time)

It was yesterday when I arrived in Shanghai.

wǒ shì zuò dì tiě lái gōng sī de

我是坐地铁来公司的。(Emphasizing the way or manner)

It was by subway that I traveled to the company.

wǒ hé tā shì zài jiǔ bā shàng rèn shi de

我和他是在酒吧上认识的。(Emphasizing the place)

It was in the bar that I met him.

4. Asserting an affirmative tone 加强肯定语气

Putting 的 at the end of a statement can strengthen the affirmative tone.

在陈述句末加"的"口语加强肯定语气。

Examples:

wǒ zhī dào zhè shì er de

我知道这事儿的!

I know this!


nǐ de mèng xiǎng huì shí xiàn de 

你的梦想会实现的!

Your dream will come true!


bié dān xīn, tā huì hǎo de

别担心,他会好的。

No worries, he's going be fine.

5. 什么的 (列举)

什么的 is a fixed structure, placed after juxtaposed words or phrases, which means the same as 'and so on' or 'etc' in English.

"什么的"是一种固定结构,放在并列词语或短语后,类似英文里的"and so on"或"etc"

For example:

tā xǐ huān māo, gǒu, zhū shén me de 

她喜欢猫、狗、猪什么的。

She likes cats, dogs, pigs, and so on.

wǒ men tán le diàn yǐng, xiǎo shuō, yīn yuè shén me de 

我们谈了电影,小说,音乐什么的。

We talked about movies, novels, music and so on.

zhōu mò, wǒ xǐ huān kàn diàn shì, shàng wǎng, gòu wù shén me de 

周末,我喜欢看电视、上网、购物什么的。

During the weekend, I like watching TV, surfing the Internet, shopping etc.

The article is translated and editted by Chinlingo. Please indicate the source (info.chinlingo.com) for any use, reproduction or transfer. 

本文由Chinlingo编译后发布,如需转载,请标明来源:info.chinlingo.com.

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2016-06-21

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